西安都市田园实践——稻香园景观设计

项目概述

Project overview

项目位于西安市长安公园内，靠近长安公园西入口处，场地南侧与东侧毗邻子午湖、西侧靠近儿童泳池区、北侧紧邻公园主路，整体成扇形布局，场地中大部分土地性质属于永久性基本农田。在国家“非粮化”相关政策的背景下，根据《常宁新区土地利用规划图(2006-2020年调整完善)》中要求，需将长安公园中属于永久性基本农田性质的土地其恢复为具有粮食生产属性和功能的生产用地。

The project is located in Xi 'an Chang 'an Park, close to the west entrance. The south and east sides of the site are adjacent to Ziwu Lake, the west side is close to the children's swimming pool area, and the north side is close to the main road of the site. The overall layout is fan-shaped.Most of the land in the site is permanent basic farmland. Under the background of “non-grain” cultivated land policies, according to the requirements of Land Use Planning Map of Changning New Area (2006-2020 Adjustment and Improvement), the land which belonging to permanent basic farmland in Chang 'an Park should be restored to production land with grain production attributes and functions.

▲ 区位分析图 ©赤地设计（location analysis）

设计考虑在满足农业耕地生产和市民休闲的需求的同时，打造都市农业互动体验的景观。结合城市中的公共开敞空间结合设置一定规模的种植区，居民在城市中就可以了解农业生产全过程，充分体验农业生产的乐趣，唤醒城市居民心里的田园情怀，呈现更好的景观效果。这样的设计最大限度保留城市发展的自然空间格局，强化居民对城市环境的认同感，对城市建设和传统农耕文明传承与创新等积极意义。更重要的是，对提高耕地利用效率、化解粮食安全挑战具有现实意义，还为耕地保护利用和城市公共空间功能复合方面提供现实经验。

The design considers to create a landscape of interactive experience of urban agriculture while meeting the needs of agricultural land production and citizens' leisure. In combination with the public open space in the city and planting areas of a certain scale, residents in the city can understand the whole process of agricultural production, fully experience the fun of agricultural production, awaken the rural feelings, and present better landscape effects. The design retains the natural spatial pattern of urban development to the maximum extent, strengthens residents' recognition of the urban environment, and has positive significance for urban construction and the inheritance and innovation of traditional farming civilization. More importantly, it is of practical significance to improve the efficiency of cultivated land use and solve the challenges of food security. It also provides practical experience for the combination of cultivated land protection and utilization and urban public space function.

▲ 整体鸟瞰图 ©赤地设计（aerial photograph）

▲ 总平面图赤地设计（general layout）

稻香园场地内整体较平缓，呈北高南低缓坡过渡趋势，平均高差约有1米，设计依坡造田，将场地由北向南分为3个台地，通过田埂道路将高差层层化解，保证每层田地高度基本一致，方便后期引水浇灌。

The site is generally flat, showing a transition trend of high in the north and low in the south. The average elevation difference is about 1 m. The design is based on the slope,the site is divided into three terraces from north to south, and the height difference is resolved through the ploughing road to ensure that the height of each layer is basically the same, which is convenient for later irrigation.

▲ 荷花池 ©赤地设计（the lotus pond）

▲ 依坡重力浇灌的稻田 ©赤地设计（rice fields watered by gravity）

在设计中重新规划了供水系统，从场地东北角的湖边通过水泵提水，通过北侧场地边界铺设的水管将湖水引入每一片稻田的北侧，每一处出水口设置独立阀门控制进水量，再利用场地高差实现重力流浇灌所有稻田，最终浇灌后的水在南侧的荷花池汇聚，并统一接管进入现有污水处理点。浇灌用水经过一系列的沉淀过滤和净化的过程后最终流入湖中，将农田面源污染的程度降至最低。

The water supply system is replanned in the design. Water is pumped from the lake in the northeast corner of the site, and the lake water is introduced to each field through the water pipe laid at the north site boundary. Each outlet is equipped with an independent valve to control the water inflow. Then, the site elevation difference is used to realize gravity flow irrigation of all paddy fields. Finally, the water after irrigation converges in the lotus pond at the south side, and the water is uniformly connected to the existing sewage disposal station. The irrigation water finally flows into the lake after a series of sedimentation filtration and purification processes, minimizing the non-point source pollution of farmland.

▲ 田埂路 ©赤地设计（the ploughing road）

北侧的现有园路和南边滨湖一侧的步道作为进入场地的两条主要道路将场地围合，宽约一米的田埂路均匀地将场地分割，并与园路连通。

The existing road on the north side and the footpath on the south side serve as two main roads to enter the site and then enclose the site. About one meter wide ploughing road evenly divided the site, and connected with the existing road.

▲田埂路间的停留平台 ©赤地设计（the platform in the ploughing road）

▲ 稻田里成群的鸭子 ©赤地设计（ducks flock in the rice field）

田埂路上设有台阶和平台方便游客穿行和停留，田中成群的鸭子也时不时走在田埂之上，吸引人们驻足观望。

There are steps and platforms on the ridge for tourists to pass and stay. Groups of ducks in the field also walk on the ridge from time to time, attracting people to stop and watch.

▲ 颇具人气的小火车 ©赤地设计（the popular little train）

▲ 小火车停靠站 ©赤地设计（the little train stop）

小火车轨道围绕场地一周铺设，作为园区内的摆渡工具，其中设有两个小火车停靠站。坐在小火车上穿行在稻田、荷花池和现状树林之间，一方面可以近距离地体验稻田自然风光，丰富了景观的趣味性，另一方面，小火车在原本平整单一的农田景观中增添了一抹点缀色彩。

The little train track is laid around the site as a ferry tool in the park, with two small train stops. On the one hand, people can experience the natural scenery of the paddy field and enrich the interest of the landscape. On the other hand, the little train adds a touch of embellishment to the original flat and simple farmland landscape.

▲ 大风车 ©赤地设计（the big windmill）

位于场地西侧的大风车，是整个稻香园的地标性构筑物，它是作为游客在身处田园野趣景色中的一个取景点，同时也是一个可以走到二层俯瞰整个场地的观景点。

The big windmill, located on the west side of the site, is a landmark structure. It is a scenic spot for tourists to take in the idyllic scenery, and it is also a scenic spot that people can walk to the second floor and overlook the entire site.

▲ 商业配套建筑 ©赤地设计（the commercial supporting buildings）

在场地北侧耕地以外的一处场地上，设置了满足人群集散需求的商业配套用房，建筑二楼是视野开阔的稻香园观景平台。设计结合原有土坡的高差，在建筑前布置了台阶式的活动平台，在夏日夜晚，举办一场音乐会，人们聚集在此，举杯畅谈，在音乐、灯光和稻香中，对于场地的体验和记忆也更加深刻。

On the north side of the site besides the farmland, a commercial supporting room is set to meet the needs of people's gathering and distribution. The second floor of the building is a viewing platform of Daoxiang Garden with a wide view. Combined with the elevation difference of the original soil slope, a stepped platform is arranged in front of the building.In the summer evening, a concert will be held, where people gather to toast and talk. In the background of the music, light and rice fragrance, people’s experience and memory of the site will be more profound.

▲ 整体鸟瞰图 ©赤地设计（aerial photograph）

项目名称　长安公园稻香园

项目规模　约70亩

项目位置　陕西省西安市

设计单位　上海赤地设计事务所

建设单位　西安市常宁开发建设有限公司

项目摄影　赤地设计、张锦影像工作室

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