Lab D+H SH 新作 | 可持续的城市“超更新”：深圳华侨城O·POWER文化艺术中心景观设计

项目概述

PROJECT OVERVIEW

深圳O·POWER文化艺术中心是景观建筑师主导下的可持续城市“超更新”实践，以具有批判性的更新方法承载城市多元功能、历史文化与社区记忆。景观团队以具有创新性的设计手法激活场地，将工业记忆转化为市民休闲的公共活动场所。O·POWER从华中发电厂工业遗址出发，融合自然生态与人居环境，创造出一个复合型文化艺术园区，涵盖舞台艺术、休闲商业、社区游乐，成为激发公共社区活力的“新能源”，更是展示深圳年轻活力的城市新地标。

Shenzhen OPower Culture and Arts Center is a practice of “super-renewal” led by landscape architects in pursuit of a more sustainable urban environment. It applies a critical renewal approach in order to conserve the diverse functionality, historical culture, and common memory of the city. The landscape team invigorated the site with innovative design techniques, transforming a primarily industrial space into a hub for public activity and relaxation. Built on the land of the former Huazhong Power Plant, OPower Culture and Arts Center integrates natural ecology and urban living to create a composite space that offers room for entertainment, leisure, and business. Its “new energy” has brought excitement to the local community and displays the youthful vitality of the city of Shenzhen.

场地现状

SITE CONDITION

华中发电厂场地紧靠侨香路，比邻天鹅湖，西、北侧与周边地块有高差，南侧临水，东侧平缓。电厂曾作为“动力之源”为华侨城片区服务，年发电占局域电网总用电量的70%，以保障华侨城景区、社区用电。随着周边居民的增加，其使用的重油发电方式对区域居住环境产生严重污染，因此于2006年，发电厂全部机组停止发电生产，后逐渐荒废，滤油系统仅剩三个储油罐、几个大烟囱、混凝土架、管道系统及部分厂房。

The Huazhong Power Plant site is adjacent to Qiaoxiang Road and Swan Lake. There is a height difference between the site and the surrounding land on the west and north sides, with water on the south side. The plant once accounted for generating 70% of the power consumption for Shenzhen’s Overseas Chinese Town (OCT) and its surrounding scenic areas, but the heavy oil power generation method used by the plant caused serious pollution for the steadily increasing population of residents. Therefore, in 2006, all the power plant units were shut down and gradually abandoned. All that remained of the oil filtration system was three oil storage tanks, a few smokestacks, a pipeline system, and a small part of the factory.

设计策略

DESIGN STRATEGY

为了使工业遗址在现代重新焕发生机，景观团队尊重场地肌理，以油罐、构架、水塔、厂房等遗址要素作为场地核心提取圆形元素，根据原有功能区分，形成五大组团，呈向外扩散交织形，链接城市中的自然生态。这种创新性的城市“超更新”以时尚且具有视觉冲击力的深圳蓝作为场地的主基调，用现代的设计语言介入原有工业空间，生产性的巨型尺度被弱化为满足社区居民需求的生活尺度，构建出具有体验性的“公共景观系统”。

In order to revitalize the industrial site for modern times, the landscape team paid respect to the site’s texture and extracted circular elements such as oil tanks and water towers as the core design. According to the functions of crude oil, five design groups were formed, which spread outwards and interweave to link the natural ecology in the city. This innovative urban “super-renewal” project adopts the fashionable and visually striking “Shenzhen blue” as its primary color tone, and uses modern design language to enter the original industrial space. The massive scale is weakened to meet the living needs of the local community and to build a practical public landscape system.

△O·POWER平面图 ©Lab D+H SH

节点设计

NODE DESIGN

❒ 延续记忆

Industrial Heritage

电厂原空间布局由卸货区（三个重油和轻油罐）、存储区（存油）、发电区（发电的设备）、冷却区（冷却冷凝塔）四个区域组成。为延续遗址的生命力，景观团队将新材料创新性地融入工业遗址，重塑场地空间。遗址的历史信息与园区复合功能相叠加，曾经电厂的“光”与“热”在新场所焕发现代意义。

The original layout of the power plant was composed of four areas: unloading, oil storage, power generation, and cooling. The four areas included three heavy oil and light oil tanks, a storage tank, power equipment, and a cooling tank, respectively. In order to preserve the heritage of the site and reshape its space, the landscape team innovatively incorporated new materials into the design. Historical information about the site is superimposed within the park, and the “light” and “heat” of the former power plant glow with modern significance in a new context.

场地中尽可能保留厂房建筑的实体结构和细节痕迹，三个储存重油的油罐被改造成多功能空间，承担花园、剧场、游乐、展陈等多种功能属性，部分混凝土结构架经过加固后再利用，消失的管道和工业设施重新组合后形成景观空间，甚至藏入了很多老电厂的发电设施，唤起人们对于场地的历史记忆。

As much as possible, the structure and details of the factory building are preserved in the site. Three heavy oil tanks were transformed into space that can be used for gardening, outdoor theater, recreation, and exhibition. Some of the concrete structures were reinforced so they could be used again. Pipes and industrial facilities were taken out to create landscape space. And, many old power generation installations are hidden in the site. All of these design decisions were made to evoke the historical memory of the plant.

❒ 自然渗透

Blending of Nature

场地内部现存大量乔灌木，种类丰富，已形成茂密的林荫。景观团队在保留大部分形态和长势优良的树木基础上，创造性地加种了大尺度的朴树、乌桕、小叶榄仁，使得电厂变身 “自然的森林”。不同层级景观绿植的补充，让自然元素渗透进园区。雨水生态花园位于天鹅湖畔，水杉树与下木形成生态栖息地，落鸟桩吸引白鹭的回归，而悬挑于水面之上的平台为人们提供亲近自然的机会。

A large number of trees and shrubs, diverse in species, form a patch of dense shade at the site. While retaining the trees with good shape and growth, the landscape team creatively planted large Chinese tallow and Madagascar almond trees, transforming the power plant into a “natural forest”. The complementing different levels of greenery allow natural elements to infiltrate into the park. The Rainwater Ecological Garden is located by the shore of Swan Lake, where the metasequoia trees form a perch for birds to rest on. This attracts the return of egrets, and the platform overhanging the water provides visitors with an opportunity to get close to nature.

❒ 互动体验

Interactive Experience

在历史和现代的交融的核心广场，曾经用于安全生产的混凝土构架被改造成落水瀑布，架下是华中电厂地图。原有的灯柱也被保留，变成了投影灯。

At the heart of the square, where history and modernity meet, a concrete frame once used for safety has been transformed into a waterfall, beneath which is a map of the original power plant. The original lamp posts were also retained and turned into projection lights.

滤油罐被打造成儿童游乐主题的“油乐园”，保留滤油罐外形，创造出一个连桥和一个游乐场，中间围合，树影、秋千、滑梯攀爬各具趣味。小朋友在游憩的同时，可以了解燃油过滤工作原理。

The tank has been transformed into an oil-themed children’s playground with a walkable bridge, a swing, and a slide. While playing, children can learn fun facts about science from the park’s layout.

“罐花园”由三个储油罐改造而成，连桥从中间切入储油罐，行走于其上可以欣赏天鹅湖美景，下方的草坪上又可作为家庭游戏场地。油罐内壁刻有华中电厂的历史，尽端的油罐则作为光影博物馆。

The “Tank Garden” is formed from three oil storage tanks. A bridge bisects the tanks, allowing visitors to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Swan Lake. The inner walls are engraved with the history of the Huazhong Power Plant, while the end of the tank is a museum of light and shadow.

由于电厂的衰败，原有冷却塔早已消失，景观团队保留原有混凝土结构，重建冷却塔作为独特的水雾剧场“酷乐园”。咖啡店、餐厅环绕其中，既安静又有趣。

Due to the decay of the power plant, the original cooling tower is long gone. However, the landscape team was able to retain the original concrete structure and rebuild the cooling tower as a unique “mist theater” called Kuleyuan. Surrounded by coffee shops and restaurants, it is a quiet and fun place to relax.

❒ 材料与细节

Materials and Other Details

为满足市民使用的需求，景观设计摒弃常用的石材，使用橙石混凝土UHPC等材料，一体化浇筑，简洁且统一。通过现场打样、分步骤管控，以确保具有突破性的项目能够完美落地。在景观主导的设计过程中，良相、素水等顾问团队通力协作，整合、推进标识系统与水景设计。

In order to meet the needs of locals, the landscape design decided to use orange stone concrete UHPC and other materials in a simple, integrated pouring procedure. Field proofing and step-by-step control ensured that this groundbreaking project could be achieved on time and under budget. In the landscape-led design process, a team of consultants including Liangxiang and Sushui Design collaborated to integrate and advance the signage system and waterscape design.

深圳新景观地标

A NEW SHENZHEN LANDMARK

O·POWER文化艺术中心作为从景观出发的城市更新实践，延续遗址历史信息，以社区性的立体景观系统串联创意文化主题，从而实现工业遗址、自然景观、公园功能、商业空间的有机融合。重生后的工业遗址转变为可持续的城市生态公园，承载多元活动，为周边居民创造出可以同时满足亲子游乐、社交生活和精神需求的公共空间。建成后，O·POWER迅速成长为深圳又一重要景观地标，展示出“花园城市”的态度与活力。

An urban renewal project led by landscape design, the OPower Culture and Arts Center carries on the historical context of the site and connects its creative cultural theme with the three-dimensional landscape of the surrounding community. In this way, it realizes the organic integration of an industrial site and natural landscape, with functionality for recreation and commerce. The revitalized space is transformed into a sustainable urban ecological park and public space capable of hosting a variety of activities. Since its completion, OPower has quickly grown into an important landscape landmark of Shenzhen, demonstrating the attitude and vitality of the Garden City.